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<br/><br/><br/><br/></a><br/><br/><br/><br/><br/><br/><br/><br/><br/><br/><b><i></i></a></b><br/><br/>环境气象</a><br/><br/>全国生态气象公报</a><br/><br/><br/><br/><br/><br/><i></i> 分享 <br/><br/> 全国生态气象公报 <br/><br/><b>2025</b> 年  <br/><br/>------<br/><br/><br/>摘 要<br/><br/>地表生态状况变化受天气气候和人为因素的共同影响，持续开展国土绿化和重点生态工程建设对提高地表生态质量发挥了重要作用。本公报重点评估2025年及2000年以来气象条件对地表生态质量的影响，主要评估结果如下：<br/><br/>2025年全国植被生态质量为2000年以来第二优，仅次于2024年。其中，林区植被生态质量指数较2024年增加0.9%，创2000年以来新高；草原产草量较2024年增加1.8%，净初级生产力创2000年以来新高；全国粮食单产较2024年增加1.1%，再创新高，农区植被覆盖度略低于2024年；北方荒漠化区高度和极易起沙尘等级的土地面积比例较2024年减少0.2个百分点。其主要气象成因是2025年全国平均≥0℃积温较2024年偏少1.6%，较常年偏多7.6%；降水量较2024年偏少4.3%，较常年偏多4.5%，人工影响天气增雨（雪）作业影响面积达583万平方公里；植被干旱轻于常年，但重于2024年；台风、暴雨洪涝对局部生态的影响偏重。总之，2025年全国水热条件次于2024年，好于常年。全国草原和林区植被生态质量变化的气象条件贡献率为32.5%。<br/><br/>“三区四带”中，2025年<b>青藏高原生态屏障区</b>气温偏高、降水略偏少，三江源、祁连山、羌塘高原等区域冰川持续消融、冻土退化、冰湖面积增大，植被生态质量好于常年、差于2024年。<b>黄河重点生态区</b>降水显著偏多，水热条件利于植被生态质量提高，“几字弯”区域植被覆盖度较2024年增加6.3个百分点，水土保持和防风固沙功能增强。<b>长江重点生态区</b>气温偏高，降水量不及2024年，植被净初级生产力较常年和2024年增加，但水源涵养功能较2024年下降；鄱阳湖水体面积较2024年减小26.8%，洞庭湖水体面积为1998年以来第三小；太湖蓝藻水华发生面积大于2024年，但巢湖和滇池发生面积小于2024年。<b>东北森林带</b>降水偏少，森林涵养水源和保持土壤功能差于2024年；扎龙湿地水体面积小于常年和2024年。<b>北方防沙带</b>降水偏多，植被长势较好，地表易起沙尘面积减少；科尔沁和浑善达克沙地植被绿度为2000年以来最高；北京密云水库和官厅水库面积均为2000年以来最大；雄安新区植被覆盖度创新高。<b>南方丘陵山地带</b>气温偏高、降水偏少，水热条件总体利于植被生长，植被生态质量好于常年，与2024年持平。<b>海岸带</b>水热条件适宜，植被固碳能力好于常年、略差于2024年；北部湾地区红树林碳汇作用弱于2024年。<br/><br/>从变化趋势看，2000—2025年全国99%的区域气温呈升高趋势，62%的区域降水呈增加趋势，主要集中在中东部地区；良好的水热条件叠加我国实施的系列生态系统保护和修复工程，推动全国林区、草原、农区和荒漠区地表生态持续改善。全国植被净初级生产力和植被覆盖度呈升高趋势，平均每年分别增加3.2克碳/平方米和0.28个百分点，全国水源涵养、土壤保持、防风固沙等生态服务功能实现不同程度提升。<br/><br/><br/><br/>2025年全国生态气象公报.pdf</a><br/><br/><br/><br/><br/><br/><br/><br/>展开阅读全文</a><br/><br/><br/><br/>回到顶部<i></i></a><br/><br/><br/><br/>分享到<br/><br/><br/><br/>新浪微博</a><br/><br/>QQ空间</a><br/><br/>QQ好友</a><br/><br/><br/><br/><br/>取消<br/><br/><br/><br/><br/>触屏版|电脑版</a><br/><br/>关于我们</a>|联系方式</a>|网站声明</a>|网站地图</a><br/><br/><br/> 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